Sourcing, characterization, manufacturing.

Exosomes are tiny packages that cells release to signal one another. They are not cells and do not divide. They carry the message: proteins, lipids, and RNA, delivered intact to the cell next door.

What a vial contains

Each Bloom Skin Ex and Bloom Hair Ex vial holds about 150 mg of lyophilized product: thirty billion exosomes, in roughly ten 15 mg applications.

• Protein: at least 50 micrograms per application, about 500 micrograms per vial, from source material at 14 mg per millilitre.
• Five peptides: elastin peptide, collagen peptides, collagen tri-peptide, palmitoyl tri-peptide, and an oligopeptide equivalent.
• The growth factor complement, which is where cord-derived material stands apart from adipose-derived alternatives.

The growth factors

The full complement includes:

• PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB
• VEGF and its receptors
• TGF-α, TGF-β1 and TGF-β3
• EGF and EGFR
• FGF-4 and FGF-7
• IGF-1 with its binding proteins
• HGF, growth hormone, placental growth factor, and stem cell factor
• A broad set of interleukins and cytokines

Adipose-derived products lack many of these. Wharton’s jelly exists to build and protect a developing vessel, and it is stocked for the job.

How exosomes are counted

Every supplier in this category quotes exosome counts as source: the count before freeze-drying, measured by nanoparticle tracking. Freeze-drying costs roughly half of that count, and the instrument counts every vesicle it sees, not only exosomes. So a source count is a fair, comparable figure across suppliers, and nobody’s thirty billion is a count of intact exosomes in a reconstituted application.

Lot to lot, the same

A PRP preparation is only as good as the patient’s blood that morning, the centrifuge, and the hands running it. A manufactured lot is characterized before release and is the same in your room as in anyone else’s.

Marketing uses these two words interchangeably. They do different jobs, and knowing the difference makes the line easier to use.

Peptides send one clear instruction

Peptides are short chains of amino acids, the building blocks of collagen, elastin, and keratin. In skincare they come in four families:

• Signal peptides are the family used for the look of firmer skin.
• Carrier peptides bind trace elements such as copper. Copper tripeptide-1, in Bloom Copper HA, is one.
• Enzyme inhibitor peptides are the family used for the look of skin that keeps its firmness.
• Neurotransmitter inhibitor peptides are the family marketed for the look of expression lines. None is in this line.

Exosomes carry the whole conversation

Exosomes are packages that cells release to communicate with each other. They carry proteins, lipids, and RNA, so one exosome delivers a broad set of growth factors and signals rather than a single message.

A peptide targets one activity. An exosome influences many at once. Neither replaces the other, which is why Bloom Skin Ex and Bloom Hair Ex carry both in one vial, and why Bloom Copper HA is a separate serum you can add when a protocol wants more of the targeted kind.

Why the source tissue matters

Skin is mostly collagen types I and III held in hyaluronic acid. Wharton’s jelly carries collagen types I, III and V with long-chain hyaluronic acid. You are adding more of what the skin already is.

Published research

Two peer-reviewed starting points on cord-derived material, both free to read:

• Efficacy of Microneedling Combined With Local Application of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Conditioned Media in Skin Brightness and Rejuvenation: A Randomized Controlled Split-Face Study — Liang X, et al., Front Med, 2022
• Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Skin Regeneration and Rejuvenation — Jo H, et al., Int J Mol Sci, 2021